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Storm Sewer Design Criteria — Reference

Common design criteria for gravity storm sewers. Values are typical of state and municipal standards (e.g., GLUMRB "Ten States Standards" lineage) — always confirm against the governing local spec, which controls.

Velocity & Slope

CriterionTypical value
Minimum full-flow velocity (anti-deposition)2.0–2.5 ft/s
Maximum velocity (abrasion / scour)10–15 ft/s
Minimum slopeset to achieve 2 ft/s full
Design flow conditionfull or just-full (no surcharge)

Manning's n (Storm Sewer Pipe)

Pipe materialn (design)
Concrete / reinforced concrete pipe (RCP)0.013
PVC / HDPE (smooth interior)0.012–0.013
Corrugated metal pipe (CMP), annular0.024
CMP, helical (small dia.)0.012–0.024
Ductile iron, cement-lined0.013

Many agencies require n = 0.013 even for plastic pipe, to account for joints, debris, and aging. Use the value the reviewer mandates.

Size, Cover & Storm

CriterionTypical value
Minimum trunk pipe diameter12–15 in
Minimum cover over pipe1–3 ft (loading / frost dependent)
Design storm (local sewers)10-yr (25/100-yr check)
Design storm (trunk / outlets)25–100-yr
Full-flow capacity (Manning's).
Qfull = (1.49/n)·(πD²/4)·(D/4)2/3·S1/2
Maximum capacity actually occurs at ~93% depth (not full); peak velocity at ~81% depth. For partly-full analysis use the circular-section geometry with the central angle θ.

Sources: GLUMRB, Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities ("Ten States Standards"); ASCE/WEF MOP-37; typical state DOT and municipal storm-drainage manuals. Criteria vary by jurisdiction.

Sizing a run? Open the Manning's calculator → · At a crossing? Culvert hydraulics.

Related cheat sheets and tools

Size pipes in the Manning's tool with the circular-section geometry, get the design Q from Rational Method or NRCS runoff, and check crossings with culvert hydraulics. For a full storm-network model with inlets, junctions, and detention, see HydroComplete.

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